“Repente é uma coisa espontânea, se toca o momento, a ocasião, ao vivo e a cores.”
Nascido no sítio Boa Vista, município de São José dos Piranhas – PB, João Bandeira de Caldas é hoje um dos grandes repentistas da história da cantoria brasileira, ainda em atividade. Nascido no dia 16 de abril 1944, o poeta esteve, durante toda sua vida, sempre rodeado de muita poesia.
“Eu sou de uma dinastia de cantadores, meu avô, Manuel Galdino Bandeira, começou a cantar com 22 anos de idade, ele cantou 55 anos, deixando uma hereditariedade de cantadores. […] eu venho de uma família de cantadores”.
Ao todo, o poeta possui mais cinco irmãos, sendo todos eles também poetas: Pedro Bandeira, Chico Bandeira, Daudeth Bandeira, Antônio Bandeira e Cícera Bandeira, estando Pedro, Antônio e Cícera Bandeira já falecidos.
Filho de Maria de França Bandeira (Lilica) e Tobias Pereira de Caldas, João Bandeira iniciou na cantoria no ano de 1961, e, em 1962, já se encontrava nas rádios, cantando e gravando em programas, ao mesmo tempo que revendia suas gravações e cordéis para o comércio. Ele ressalta que a partir dessa ocasião, tanto ele como outros cantadores, passaram a ser repentistas, publicitários e corretores de anúncios, como forma de sobreviver da arte.
Para ele, os cantadores de antigamente influenciam as novas gerações de cantadores que vão e estão surgindo. Por outro lado, revela que “a cantoria daquela época era diferente da cantoria de hoje”, pois no tempo do seu avô cantava-se puramente repente (martelo agalopado, sextilha, galope à beira mar, quadrão, gemedeira, mourão, e outras modalidades daquela época), e que hoje nas cantorias tem aparecido muitas canções, e isso, segundo o mesmo, tem contrariado muito o próprio sentido do repente: “quem viu a cantoria daquela época era totalmente de repente, e agora se tornou uma cantoria mais de canções, canções com melodias, houve essa diferença, essa transformação”.
No tempo de seu avô não havia rádios, o mesmo vivia da cantoria, da agricultura e da criação de gado. Com o advento da rádio o cantador de sua época transferiu-se para a cidade, deixando de ser um homem do campo, tornando-se um homem da cidade. Entretanto, mesmo urbanizando-se, continuou fazendo suas cantorias na zona rural. Hoje em dia, com a migração das rádios AM para FM o poeta diz temer o destino do povo do campo, e ressalta que o êxodo rural para os centros urbanos é estrondoso e assustador, pois há um despreparo de informações desses que migram, e que, pela falta de subsídios informativos, acarretam o que o poeta vai chamar de “distúrbios sociais”. Continua dizendo que as cidades estão “inchadas” pelo êxodo rural. Isso acontece porque alguns fatores propiciam essa saída, fatores estes que o mesmo denomina de “fatores sociais e fatores sobrenaturais”, dando como exemplo o sumiço do algodão e dos engenhos de cana de açúcar. Esses distúrbios sociais tem sido registrado pelos poetas em seus poemas — chamados de poemas sociais — assunto pelo qual o poeta tem se detido nesses últimos anos.
João Bandeira é licenciado em História pela Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), e diante da ocasião aproveitou para comentar sobre a transformação no perfil dos cantadores, no que diz respeito às formações acadêmicas:
“O cantador procura, também, ‘conhecer novos conhecimentos’. Temos hoje muitos cantadores com nível superior, (…) no meu caso, sou licenciado em história depois de muitos anos de cantador. […] O repente comunica o lado social, o lado ecológico, descritivo, as coisas do sertão. O cantador é um formador, um carregador de cultura, de um ponto para outro, um comunicador, um tipo de mídia”.
Comenta também sobre a relação das políticas públicas com a cantoria, afirmando que há, acima de tudo, grande descuido: “aqueles poetas mais interessados e esclarecidos é que vão atrás reivindicar apoio, publicar livros, gravar discos, publicar cordéis, arrumar patrocinador. Mas a parte da política pública se esquece e ignora esse apoio, essa responsabilidade. Não se interessa, não quer dá valor. Há um relaxamento muito grande por parte da política para com a cultura”.
Por fim, o poeta sugere que os interessados em conhecer mais sobre essa arte que procure os trabalhos produzidos pelos poetas, que compre os livros, cordéis, discos, que leve para casa e escute, prestigie. E clama que o poder público prestigie e ajude a divulgar, que as emissoras de rádio e televisão dê apoio, e que ninguém despreze a cultura regional.
Ao fim da entrevista, o poeta fez sua última consideração:
“O regional não morrerá nunca, ela foi gerada pela própria natureza. Ela pode ficar parada por uns tempos, mas depois aparece um motivo e ela renasce como uma semente que germinou na nova chuva que chegou, cresce e se bota a gerar frutos de acordo ao seu tempo. Seus frutos são inerentes às características da época em que nasceu e renasceu. Que seja dada toda preferência a essa cultura — a nossa — pra que ela não morra. O corpo precisa da cultura regional porque é a parte da cultura da nossa gente, que conta sua história, que conta a sua vida”.

(A entrevista aconteceu no dia 04/07/2017 na rádio Verde Vale para o projeto De Repente em Ação).
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